Under chapter II of section 68 titled Command of the naval and military forces, the Constitution of Australia states that: Governor General of Australia The Lord Gowrie (right) signing the declaration of war against Japan with Prime Minister John Curtin (left) looking on. Mostly ceremonial heads of state (constitutional monarchs, viceroys and presidents in parliamentary republics) with residual substantive reserve powers over the armed forces, acting under normal circumstances on the constitutional advice of chief executives with the political mandate to undertake discretionary decision-making.Īccording to the Constitution of Albania, the president of the Republic of Albania is the commander-in-chief of Albanian Armed Forces.Are chief executives with the political mandate to undertake discretionary decision-making, including command of the armed forces.
The term is also used for officers who hold authority over an individual military branch, special branch or within a theatre of operations. The term is also used for military officers who hold such power and authority, not always through dictatorship, and as a subordinate (usually) to a head of state (see Generalissimo). Governors-general and colonial governors are also often appointed commander-in-chief of the military forces within their territory.Ī commander-in-chief is sometimes referred to as supreme commander, which is sometimes used as a specific term. In a parliamentary system, the executive branch is ultimately dependent upon the will of the legislature although the legislature does not issue orders directly to the armed forces and therefore does not control the military in any operational sense. A nation's head of state (monarchical or republican) usually holds the position of commander-in-chief, even if effective executive power is held by a separate head of government. It continued to be used during the English Civil War. In English use, the term first applied to King Charles I of England in 1639. The formal role and title of a ruler commanding the armed forces derives from Imperator of the Roman Kingdom, Roman Republic and Roman Empire, who possessed imperium (command and other regal) powers.
For other uses, see CINC (disambiguation) and Commander in Chief (disambiguation).
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